Chronic Thumbsucking in Orthodontic Care

Malocclusion:

Prolonged thumbsucking can lead to malocclusion, especially protruding front teeth. This can result in overbites, crooked/ crowded front teeth, and other misalignments that may require orthodontic intervention. The placement of the thumb between the upper and lower teeth pulls the upper front teeth forward, causing ‘bugs bunny’ teeth. The placement of the thumb on the lower front teeth forces them to lean backward, causing crooked teeth and distorted arch form.

Jaw Development:

Chronic Thumbsucking can also affect the development of the jaws and face. The placement of the thumb between the front teeth results in the back teeth being unable to touch. With time, the upper and lower back teeth erupt uncontrollably towards each other, leading to the development of an Anterior Open Bite, an increase in the vertical height of the face, and a long, narrow face result. 

Narrow Arches:

Chronic thumbsucking increases the intraoral pressure from the cheek muscles, and the dental arches deform with time: narrow dental arches, high palatal vault, posterior crossbites, and dental crowding results. 

Speech and Swallowing Issues:

Chronic thumbsucking may contribute to speech impediments and improper swallowing patterns such as tongue thrust.

Early Detection:

Parents and caregivers should be vigilant in detecting thumbsucking habits early on. Early intervention can prevent potential orthodontic issues.

Communication:

Open communication with the child about the habit is crucial. Positive reinforcement and encouragement are often effective strategies to address thumbsucking.

Orthodontic Assessment:

If the habit persists, an orthodontic assessment is recommended. Orthodontists can evaluate the impact of thumbsucking on dental and jaw development and suggest appropriate interventions.

Orthodontic Treatments for Thumbsucking

Behavioral Therapies:

Behavioral approaches, such as positive reinforcement and counseling, often help children overcome thumbsucking. Giving a child an alternative item or method to self-soothe gives the child an alternative avenue from thumbsucking.

Orthodontic Devices to Stop Thumbsucking:

In some cases, orthodontic devices may be recommended to correct the effects of thumbsucking on dental alignment and jaw development. These include Invisalign-First, tongue-trainers, habit breakers, braces, retainers, or other appliances.

Create Awareness:

Educate your child about the potential consequences of thumbsucking on their oral health. Watch this video together to help your child understand how the mouth and face adapt to long-term thumbsucking.

Positive Reinforcement:

Use positive reinforcement, praise, and rewards to encourage your child to stop thumbsucking.

Consultation with Professionals:

Regular check-ups with a pediatric dentist or our Orthodontic Team can help monitor your child’s dental development and address emerging issues. Chronic thumbsucking can have lasting effects on orthodontic health. However, parents and caregivers can help guide their children toward a healthy and properly aligned smile with early detection, open communication, and appropriate interventions. If you have concerns about your child’s thumbsucking habits, consult with an orthodontic professional to explore the best course of action for your child’s specific needs.